Lab 14 The Urinary System BIO202L
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Pre-Lab Questions
What is the function of the ureter?
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Compare and contrast the male and female urethra.
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Describe the two layers of the kidneys.
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Experiment 1: Kidney Filtration
Table 1: Solutions Present in Each Container Before 60 Minutes Submersion
Solution
Dialysis Tubing
Beaker
Congo Red
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Yellow Food Coloring
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Table 2: Solutions Present in Each Container After 60 Minutes Submersion
Solution
Dialysis Tubing
Beaker
Congo Red
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Yellow Food Coloring
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Post-Lab Questions
1. What specific part of the kidney does the dialysis tubing represent? What is this parts function?
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2. What does the yellow food coloring represent at the end of the experiment? What does the Congo Red represent?
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3. Why is it important that the kidney filters the blood?
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Experiment 2: Urinalysis
Table 3: Urine Test
Test
Normal
Abnormal
pH
4.5 – 7.5
Acidic Urine (below 4.5) – Diabetes, starvation, dehydration, respiratory acidosis.
Alkaline Urine (above 7.5) – Kidney disease, kidney failure, urinary tract infection, respiratory alkalosis.
Glucose
None
Glucose present (red or green color after test); diabetes mellitus.
Protein
None
Protein present (violet color after test); kidney disease.
Yeast
None
Yeast present (bubbles form after test); yeast infection in urinary tract.
Ketones
Little or None
Large amount of ketones present (sweet smell of urine); starvation, prolonged vomiting, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, and other metabolic disorders.
Table 4: Simulated Urine pH Test
Simulated Urine Sample
pH
A
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B
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C
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D
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Table 5: Simulated Urine Glucose Test
Simulated Urine Sample
Color Before Hot Water Bath
Color After Hot Water Bath
A
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B
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C
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D
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Table 6: Simulated Urine Protein Test
Simulated Urine Sample
Color Before Biuret Solution
Color After Biuret Solution
A
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B
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C
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D
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Table 7: Simulated Urine Yeast Test
Simulated Urine Sample
Bubbles Before Hydrogen Peroxide?
Bubbles After Hydrogen Peroxide?
A
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B
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C
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D
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Table 8: Simulated Urine Ketone Test
Simulated Urine Sample
Odor Observation
A
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B
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C
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D
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Fill in Tables 9 through 12. Refer to Table 3 to determine if each result was normal or abnormal. If abnormal, include the data which indicates this (e.g., a pH of 3.2 means that glucose is present). Using the test results from each of the urine samples, diagnose the condition(s), if any, that each of the sample patients is experiencing.
Table 9: Sample A
Test
Test Results
pH
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Glucose
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Protein
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Yeast
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Ketones
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Table 10: Sample B
Test
Test Results
pH
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Glucose
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Protein
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Yeast
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Ketones
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Table 11: Sample C
Test
Test Results
pH
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Glucose
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Protein
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Yeast
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Ketones
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Table 12: Sample D
Test
Test Results
pH
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Glucose
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Protein
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Yeast
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Ketones
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Post-Lab Questions
1. Using the results from each urine sample, along with Table 3, diagnose the condition(s), if any, that each sample patient is experiencing.
Table 9 Diagnosis: Click here to enter text.
Table 10 Diagnosis: Click here to enter text.
Table 11 Diagnosis: Click here to enter text.
Table 12 Diagnosis: Click here to enter text.
2. If you were a doctor and a patients urinalysis came back with high level of glucose, ketones and an acidic pH, what diagnosis would you immediately look into?
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3. If you were a doctor and a patients urinalysis came back with an alkaline pH and high levels of protein, what diagnosis would you immediately look into?
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4. What other conditions can urine be used to test for?
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Experiment 3: Virtual Model The Urinary System
Insert screenshot of the prostate:
Insert screenshot of the renal medulla:
Insert screenshot of the renal pelvis:
Post-Lab Questions
1. Which component of the urinary system is more lateral: the left kidney or the urinary bladder?
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Which component of the urinary system is a funnel shaped cavity formed by the union of calices, ending in the ureter.
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What is the most superior component of the urinary system?
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Where is the prostatic sinus in relation to the prostate?
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Experiment 4: Fetal Pig Dissection of the Urinary System
1. Identify the labeled components of the kidney in the image below.
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What is the function of the urinary bladder?
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What is the function of the adrenal glands?
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Would you think the kidneys are highly vascularized? Why or why not?
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Explain in detail the process by which urine is made.
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Insert photo of your pigs dissected kidney with your name clearly visible in the background:
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